Basics of photography

 

Let’s look at basic understanding one should have for clicking better photographs:

1. Basic Alignment                                                                                                                            

 

• Vertical
• Horizontal
• Funky Tilt

This is pretty simple as the formats names are clearly given as per the alignment of the subject in the photographs below for understanding.

 

 

Funky Tilt

Vertical

Horizontal

2. Cropping                                                                                                                                           

Cropping is filling the frame by the subject. There basic rules for that. Let's see these here:

      i. Cropping by Thirds:  3/3,   2/3  and  1/3

The rule of thirds on how to fill the frame with subject i.e. 1/3rd, 2/3rd and 3/3rd. See the following images for the illustration.

Crop by 1/3rd

Crop by 3/3rd

Crop by 2/3rd

  * Observe the images in Magazine, Internet and TV and try to see how they crop images.

 

ii. Crop Loosely and Crop Tightly 

Frame can be filled by the subject with a little space around the subject in side frame: Loosely Crop. Subject can be cropped to fill the frame with a little space around subject: Tightly Crop. See the images below to understand the same.

Tight Crop

 

Loose Crop

      

            iii. Crop in for details

Cropped to show some interesting details like Ornaments, Wrist watch, Shoes etc. Let’s look at the image below, it can be more or less be example for crop in for details.
 

Crop in for details

3. Composition (Placement of the subject)                                                                

Composition is all about where to place your subject. Again rule of 1/3rd plays its part. Let’s have a look.


        > Placing subject in the frame – 1/3 Lines


There are two ways to do it: Placing the subject on the Right, Left 1/3rd Line, Top 1/3rd line or bottom 1/3rd line.

Bottom 1/3rd line: Crocs

Top 1/3rd Line: Horizon

           

Left 1/3 Line: Deer Face

Right 1/3rd Line

      

       

•       
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  > Hot Spots – Where 1/3 lines meet
  
  

Hot Spots: The points where horizontal and verticals lines meet. The key highlights of the photographs are placed on the hotspots.

Hot Spot: Bird's Face & Eye

Four Hot Spots

4. How to shoot a photograph                                                                                      

 

There are four simple steps to click a photograph:

• Compose -> Focus -> Shift -> Shoot

There are some mistakes done most frequently: Placing the subject in focus ring and clicking. There is a way to follow and avoid the same.

i.   First you compose your photograph
ii.  Then you move the frame to bring the subject in centre and push the shutter button halfway to focus.
iii. Once the subject is focused, Sift the frame as you have composed.
iv.  Now the Subject is focused and Composition is done so: Click / Shoot.

5. Other important things                                                                                      

Camera Angle

•           Move around the subject

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•           Height of camera

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Lighting

• Direct light

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• Back-lit

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• Diffused  light

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•       Shadow

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      - Dark

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      - Light shadow

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Background

Separate subject from back ground

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Subject

How does subject look

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Relative distance

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Lightning

!! Happy Clicking :) !!